All Studies · Anxiety & Stress · Khalsa (2023)

Khalsa (2023)

Moderate · Pilot RCT · Promising (Pilot RCT) · n = 53
Quality Index (Adjusted QI) 0.756
0 Low < 0.56 Moderate 0.56–0.77 High ≥ 0.78 1
Study Details
ConditionAnxiety (older adults)
Clinical domainAnxiety & Stress
PopulationOlder adults with anxiety
Sample sizen = 53
Country / SettingUSA - geriatric mental health clinic
Protocol clusterKY-GAD (Y-CBT)
Duration6 weeks; weekly 90-min Y-CBT sessions
Control typeActive Control
ComparatorActive control (see methods)
Outcomes & Effect Sizes
Primary outcomeAnxiety + Mood
Scales usedHAMA; PSQI; BDI; GAD-7
Key resultAnxiety decreased large (g=0.88); sleep improved; depression decreased moderate
Effect sized = 0.88 (HAMA anxiety); large effect
ES value0.88 (d)
Retention92% (49/53 completed)
SafetyNo adverse events; safe adaptations for older adults
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Methodological Summary

Randomized; chair-adapted protocol; medium sample; large effect sizes

KY Protocol Components

KY-GAD Protocol: 12-week Yoga-enhanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. STRUCTURE: Weekly 2-hour group classes + daily 20-min home practice KEY COMPONENTS: • Sessions 1-3: Sitali Breath, Basic Spinal Energy Series, Segmented Breath for Anxiety • Sessions 4-7: Alternate Nostril Breathing, Calmness and Anti-anxiety Series, Tattva Balance Beyond Stress & Duality • Sessions 8-12: Pauri Kriya (Sa-Ta-Na-Ma with segmented breathing), Stress Set for Adrenals and Kidneys, Shabad Kriya (sleep meditation) • Psychoeducation: Home practice fundamentals (weeks 1-3), meditation-in-action/mindfulness (4-6), self-efficacy/regulation (7-8), yogic lifestyle/habit maintenance (9-12) PROTOCOL DEVELOPMENT: Dr. Shanti Shanti Kaur Khalsa, Guru Ram Das Center for Mind-Body Medicine STUDY-SPECIFIC: Adaptation for older adults with anxiety; age-specific modifications and feasibility in geriatric population.

Quality Item Scores — 1 fail · 2 partial · 3 pass · ★ critical
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JP1
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Critical fails0
Raw QI0.756
SAF1
Adjusted QI0.756
Final ratingModerate