Jindani (2015)

Randomized; trauma-specific protocol; medium-large sample

Trauma-Sensitive Kundalini Yoga for PTSD: 8-week program with trauma-informed adaptations. KEY PRINCIPLES: Safety and choice, invitational language (not commanding), no triggering practices (inversions, intense breathwork initially), grounding emphasis COMPONENTS: • Breathing: Long Deep Breathing (foundational), Segmented Breath (grounding) - NO Breath of Fire initially • Physical: Gentle spinal movements, accessible stretches, body awareness practices • Meditations: Shabad Kriya (sleep/insomnia), practices for releasing fear/anger, cultivating inner safety • Adaptations: Eyes can stay open, touch only with permission, right to pass on any exercise STUDY-SPECIFIC: 3 publications from same study - Women with PTSD; weekly 90-min classes + home practice; RCT vs waitlist control; outcomes: PCL, anxiety, depression, resilience, sleep; significant improvements. Published in multiple journals: J Altern Complement Med, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, J Relig Spiritual Soc Work.