All Studies · Pain & Somatic Conditions · Innes (2018)

Innes (2018)

Moderate · Pilot RCT · Promising (Pilot RCT) · n = 22
Quality Index (Adjusted QI) 0.736
0 Low < 0.56 Moderate 0.56–0.77 High ≥ 0.78 1
Study Details
ConditionKnee osteoarthritis (chronic pain)
Clinical domainPain & Somatic Conditions
PopulationAdults ≥65 with symptomatic knee OA
Sample sizen = 22
Country / SettingUSA
Protocol clusterMantra Meditation
Duration8 weeks; 15-20 min mantra meditation twice daily (knee OA RCT, not review)
Control typeOther/Mixed
ComparatorN/A - Review/Qualitative
Outcomes & Effect Sizes
Primary outcomeMood/Depression + Cognition
Scales usedMultiple cognitive scales (varies by study)
Key resultKK improves cognition, stress, and mood across studies
Effect sizeMeta-synthesis; overall positive for cognition/mood
RetentionN/A - systematic review; typical 80-95% in included studies
SafetyNo serious adverse events reported in reviewed studies
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Methodological Summary

Literature review; heterogeneous outcomes; synthesis

KY Protocol Components

Kirtan Kriya: 12-minute singing meditation using mantra "Sa-Ta-Na-Ma" STRUCTURE (12 minutes total): • 2 min: Chanting aloud in normal voice • 2 min: Whispering • 4 min: Silent (mental chanting) • 2 min: Whispering • 2 min: Aloud TECHNIQUE: • Seated with spine straight • Sequential finger movements with each syllable: - SA: Thumb to index finger (Jupiter/gyan mudra) - TA: Thumb to middle finger (Saturn) - NA: Thumb to ring finger (Sun) - MA: Thumb to pinky finger (Mercury) • Eyes closed, focused at third eye point • Visualization: Energy flowing in through crown, out through third eye in "L" shape MANTRA MEANING: • SA = Infinity/birth • TA = Life/existence • NA = Death/transformation • MA = Rebirth/regeneration Represents the cycle of life and transformation FREQUENCY: Daily practice (typically morning) ORIGINS: Taught by Yogi Bhajan; ancient yogic meditation RESEARCH: Extensively studied for cognitive function, memory, mood, and Alzheimer's prevention STUDY-SPECIFIC: Systematic review/meta-analysis OR observational study of Kirtan Kriya for cognitive function and stress in dementia caregivers; 12-min daily practice

Quality Item Scores — 1 fail · 2 partial · 3 pass · ★ critical
★A1
2
A2
3
★B1
2
★B2
2
B3
3
B4
2
★B5
2
B6
3
★B7
2
★B8
2
B9
2
JP1
3
Critical fails0
Raw QI0.778
SAF0.946
Adjusted QI0.736
Final ratingModerate